Questions and answers about high blood pressure

• Q. Who should measure blood pressure?
• A. All we need to know your blood pressure. This is a useful information about our health. Hypertension can (evolution) silent (no symptoms). We can prevent and control hypertension only if we know your blood pressure.

• Q. What is Hypertension?
• A. High blood pressure - also known as "high blood pressure" or "hypertension" - is a condition in which blood flow under a pressure of rising long-term. Blood is carried from the heart to all parts of the body through the arteries and veins. Each time the heart beats, the heart pumps blood around the body. Blood pressure is the force generated by the impact on the blood in the blood vessels when the heart pumps blood around the body.

• Q. The normal blood pressure reading is how much?
• A. Blood pressure is measured in meters milliliter of mercury (mm Hg). Blood pressure is determined by two indicators, often written in the form of a ratio. The first index (or indices above) blood pressure is 'systolic' - the highest level of blood pressure in the blood vessels, occurs when the heart contracts. Only numbers (or indices below) is the diastolic pressure - the lowest level of blood pressure in the blood vessels and occurs between the time the heart contracts, the heart muscle is relaxed.
  
  Blood pressure in normal adults is defined as a systolic blood pressure of 120 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure of 80 mm Hg. However, states have cardiovascular benefits also still be guaranteed at lower systolic blood pressure (105 mm Hg) and diastolic blood pressure was lower (60 mm Hg). Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure when there is 140 mm Hg or higher and / or diastolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg or more. The systolic blood pressure and diastolic normal mean is particularly important for effective function of vital organs such as the heart, brain and kidneys, and for general health and healthy state.

• Q. The symptoms of high blood pressure be?
• A. There is a common misconception that people with hypertension will always appear symptoms. In fact most people with hypertension have no symptoms at all and may even know they are not sick. Sometimes hypertension can cause symptoms such as headache, shortness of breath, dizziness, chest pain, palpitations or nosebleeds. If people do not pay attention blood pressure, so that if there is abnormal blood pressure will have warning symptoms, it may be at risk for hypertension is a 'silent killer'. Anyone should know their blood pressure.

• Q. The risk factors of high blood pressure be?
• A. There are many factors that contribute to hypertension. Conversion of population structure, urbanization and no plans, globalization is the underlying cause. These factors contribute to the behavioral risk factors. Hypertension is a group of metabolic risk factors that cause NCDs.

• Q. Can prevent high blood pressure like?
• A. High blood pressure can be prevented and treated. May reduce the risk of developing hypertension and its adverse consequences by creating options for health benefit of:

• Diet
• Make healthy lifestyle throughout their lives based on focused and balanced nutrition, exercise regularly, including children and young people.
• Eat five fruits and vegetables units per day.
• Reducing dietary saturated fat and total fat content, such as low-fat food products.

• Salt
• Reducing salt intake; uses less than 5 g of salt per day (about 1 teaspoon).

• Physical activity
• Regular physical activity. WHO recommends performing physical activity for at least 30 minutes each day.

• Alcohol
• Avoid alcohol abuse.

• Tobacco
• Quit smoking and avoid passive smoking.

• Q. Can control how high blood pressure?
• A. People who have hypertension can actively participate in the management of their condition. They should:
• Make healthy behaviors (as listed above).
• Monitoring your blood pressure at home (if possible).
• Check blood sugar, cholesterol and albumin in the urine.
• Assessment of cardiovascular risk using risk assessment chart.
• Follow the advice of doctors and medical staff.
• If prescription drugs to lower blood pressure, need regular medication and follow the instructions.

• Q. What can the Government do?
• A. The government may consider a minimum package of actions in the planning and / or implementation of interventions aimed at prevention of non-communicable diseases in your country:
• Using tobacco
• Reduced ability to accept financing by increasing the excise tax for cigarettes;
• On the basis of the law, the built environment completely smoke-free in all indoor workplaces, indoor public places and on public transport;
• Warn people about the dangers of tobacco and tobacco smoke through the form of warnings and effective campaigns in the mass media;
• Prohibit all forms of advertising, promotion and sponsorship concerning tobacco.
• Alcohol Abuse
• Alcohol tax increase;
• Limitations and comprehensive prohibition on advertising and promotion of alcohol;
• Limit alcohol retailers.
• Improper diet and lack of physical activity
• Reducing salt through media campaigns on mass media / reduce salt content in processed foods;
• Replacing saturated fats with unsaturated fats.
• Raising public awareness about diet and physical activity.
• Cardiovascular disease and diabetes
• Combining multiple drugs (including drugs control blood sugar for diabetes) individuals have had myocardial infarction and stroke, and those at high risk (> 30%) for the cardiovascular events in the next 10 years.
• Provide aspirin for people with acute myocardial infarction.
• Cancer
• Liver cancer prevention through vaccination for hepatitis B;
• Prevention of cervical cancer through screening (cervical screening method for cervical group with acetic acid [VIA]) and treatment of precancerous.