COLLEGE SAM

Other Name:

College herbs ginseng also known as:

1. Western Party ginseng: This species production in the Gansu Province (Democratic district, Dan Lin, Dan song), Illusion Western Province (Hanzhong, Ankang, Trade Lac), Shanxi Province (Northern Quarter, Universal Central ) Sichuan (Nanping).

2. East dark party: This species is mainly produced in Jilin province (autonomous region of ethnic Koreans, Yanbian, Tonghua specialized areas), Heilongjiang Province (Khanh Security, Upper extremities, usually Tan District Five) Liaoning Province (Phong city, electric drill).

3. Route dark party: Main production in Shanxi district Pudong district, the shopping Woe, Le Thanh), Henan Province (Xinxiang specialized areas).

4. The dark party: Where is produced in Sichuan (Dat district, Van district, Thanh border), Hubei Province (Safety, Benefits Trans), Shaanxi Province (Xinyang).

5. Sparkling White Party: Where is the production of Guizhou Province (US Advanced Zone, Thuan An), Yunnan (Zhao information, American Wanderer, Agents), Sichuan province (southwest).

In Vietnam, during 1961-1985 Pharmaceutical Institute found 14 Party ginseng in the northern mountainous province, also in the south, only in the Central Highlands region. Distribution most concentrated in the provinces of Lai Chau, Son La, Lao Cai, Ha Giang, Cao Bang, Lang Son, Gia Lai, Kon Tum, Quang Nam, Da Nang, Lam Dong.

Effect:

. Thanh Discarded (Draft Phung Nguyen).

. Additional secondary, utility gas, air spleen, except annoying thirst (Draft Tung Tan).

. Additional secondary, useful, new student (China Pharmaceutical University Dictionaries).

. Additional secondary gas utility, new students only soft (China Pharmaceutical University School Dictionary).

Indications:

+ Waste Treatment failure, waste gas utility (General Section discarded).

Tri Pi + The major damage, blood gases were thinking, no strength, eat less, thirst, diarrhea, prolonged drainage Wanderer (China Pharmaceutical University Dictionaries).

+ Tri gas central depression, poor diet, diarrhea due to spleen damage, jaundice caused by damage to blood, urine,  Menorrhagia (China Pharmaceutical University School Dictionary).

+ Treatment of chronic anemia, thin, lymphoma, pancreatic disease (People Religion Science Herbal Destination).

+ Tri labor damage, internal injuries, the central leader position, activity description, long dysentery, asthma gas, annoying thirst, fever, sweating itself out, haemorrhage, the maternity certificate (China Pharmaceutical Resources Prime Books).

Dose:

8 - 20g.

Taboo:

. There are actually evil, ban (China Pharmaceutical University Dictionaries).

. As children, indignation, fire-being: not used (Dac Coordinating Draft).

. Reflecting Le Lot (Draft Business Solutions).

. Luong Dinh Khuong 'Document Chinese Medicine Research 1976, 4: 33, then if the amount is too large to use ginseng (ginseng per dose than 63G Party) cause discomfort to the patient before the heart and irregular heartbeat, discontinued the Most (China Pharmaceutical Clinical Applications).

Medicinal experience:

+ Scrap metal bar, complementary natural gas, open sound, coated tendons: Party ginseng 640g, 320g Sa ginseng, cinnamon 160g member humiliation. High cooking, drinking (Sam Cao Thuong Party - Dac Coordinating Draft).

+ Treatment of diarrhea, dysentery, damaged gas, drainage Wanderer: Champagne Party (stars with rice) 8g, Prick period, White Atractylodes, Corporal same stage, Easter spirit are 6g, Son pharmacy (stars) 8g, Black Cohosh (grilled honey ) 2,4g, 2,8g Shots seminars. Add 3 slices ginger, excellent drink (Sam White America cut Elevator - Real Tri Y inevitable).

+ Tri taking drugs to make welding salary weak spleen is damaged, the mouth boils: Party ginseng, Injections are 8g period, Easter spirit 4g, 2g Licorice, White thược 2,8g, excellent drink (Sam States Subscriptions An Area - Most Khoa Tran Tu episode).

+ Waste Management Treatment of chronic inflammation, tuberculosis (waste gas yin):

* Party ginseng 12g, 12g Tang shale, gypsum (identity before) 12g, 12g Ophiopogon japonicus, A delivery 8g, 6g's Profile ma, Almond 6g, she Pi chlorophyll (grilled honey) 6g. Excellent drink (Thanh Thang Apples Save Waste - Y Mon Law).

+ Tri neurasthenia: Party ginseng 12g, 12g Ophiopogon japonicus, Schisandra 8g. Excellent drink (Born Circuit upheld - Foreign Affairs and Trade Measures Or thesis).

+ Children Treatment mouth sores: Party ginseng 40g, 20g Royal promotion. Powdered, topical (Qinghai Stripping Chinese Medicine Experience Giang Bien).

+ Low Blood Pressure Treatment: Party ginseng 16g, 12g arrowroot, cinnamon 10g, licorice 6g, 10 University of apple fruit, excellent drink 1 scale. 15 days is one course, the material used 1-2. Cured 30 cases: results: 28, no clear results: 02 (Guangxi Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal 1985, 5: 36).

+ Treatment of high blood pressure in patients with cardiomyopathy: Party ginseng 10g, shell son (the gem type) 16g, 10g Biogeochemical, Angelica 10g, Trac Persia (county) 16g, 16g apple, 16g Easter spirit, Jupiter 6g flavor, Hoang Lien 6g. Sac with 800ml water, divided into 3 doses taken continuously from 2 to 2.5 months (Central Clinical Drug Application).

+ Waste Management Treatment of chronic inflammation (to discharge blood stasis): Party Ginseng, Reishi Five, Atractylodes, Born Jiang, 10g per second, excellent drink. Has treated 32 cases per year from taking 11 months to 3 years later, each 20-30ml (the time of fever, colds, do not drink), continuous drinking 1-2 months, with the result: 93.75 %. 53.13% good results, no side effects (Central Pharmacy Notice of 1986, 3: 55).

+ Tri neurasthenia: use solution for injection 'The Party Ginseng Complex' (1g per ml Party ginseng, 50mg Vitamin B1) intramuscularly 1 2ml per day, 15-day course, there are certain results (Hubei Sciences Journal of Medicine 1976, 3: 25).

+ Tri functional uterine bleeding: Champagne Party're used individually, 30-60g per day, color, divided into 2 doses, up to 5 days during menstruation. Has treated 37 cases, out of 5, good results: 14 results: 10, no results: 8 (Zhejiang Chinese Medical Journal in 1986, 5: 207).

+ Tri damage tuberculosis, cough, body weakness: Party ginseng 16g, 12g Hoai paint, Italy's certainly 6g, licorice 2g, Paragraph winter flowers 6g, 6g Prince Far money. Lust, divided into 3 doses. (Middle pharmacology).

+ Tri kidney failure, or back pain, knee fatigue, diabetes mice technique, training the body: Party ginseng 16g, Cable World 6g, Blood sense 1,2g, Chen Packaging 0.8 g, 6 g Elementary recovery. Soak for 1 XI (250ml) of wine to drink before going to bed (China pharmacology).

+ Tri body fatigue, loss of appetite, loose bowel: Excellent 20 - 40g Party ginseng drink, or a combination of different herbs such as White Atractylodes (stars), Angelica, three size 12g per second, excellent drink or canopy density pellets, day drinking 12-20g (Clinical Pharmacology frequently used Chinese Prime Books).

+ Tri prolonged weakness old people, who work more wear and labor as well as the brain, heart fatigue, soreness: Party ginseng 40g, Achyranthes bidentata, Ophiopogon japonicus, Angelica, Long labels are each 12g, excellent drinking days 1 scale. If more severe disease endangered ginseng 4-8G (Clinical Pharmacology frequently used Chinese Prime Books).

+ Tri gas central depression, spleen disharmony: Party ginseng cooking with high sugar into liquid ginseng Party, drinking (Sam Cao Party - Clinical Pharmacology frequently used Chinese Prime Books).

+ Tri blood gases were thinking: Party ginseng, royal Shots period, White Atractylodes, Long label, Sugar, high cooking drink (Sam Cao Dai - Clinical Pharmacology frequently used Chinese Prime Books).

Learn more about College ginseng

Scientific name:

Codonopsis pilosula (Franch) Nannf. Campanulaceae (Campanulaceae).

Description:

Plants, perennial, climbing by body wrap. Stay daii root formation, the diameter can reach 1,5-2cm, branching, root tip bloated with many old keloid scars of the body, usually only one root branch offices without roots, the smaller the tail, white when fresh, after drying, the roots are yellow, wrinkled. The body grows in clusters in spring, prostrate or creeping into other trees, dark purple body, sparsely hairy, not hairy tops. Leaves ovate or ovate way round, tail pointed leaves, the stem near the heart shape, raw edges, a little green mixed yellow, fluffy on the surface as smooth gray or white hairs scattered, long-3- 8cm, 2-4cm wide. Pale blue flowers, grow individually in interstitial axillary, 2-6cm long-stemmed, bell-shaped corolla station, narrow blade 5, 5 purple veined wings in the throat, at the point of shedding becomes pale yellow, divided 5-lobed, 5 stigmas, nghuy only slightly flattened, anthers attached stem. Halved fruit, round shaped mace, 3 packaging center, with head slightly, with short radio, then cracked up at nine. There are glossy brown seeds. In China grows more bitter cucumber majority also grows wild where the current is produced in the province of Sichuan, Gansu, Shaanxi, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Hubei, Guizhou, Henan, Ningxia, Qinghai, Liaoning.

Collecting, processing stages:

In winter, when the tree has yellowed, deciduous or early spring to plant the next year at no bud can be harvested. It is best to harvest in the middle of last month after more Bailu, Champagne Party at the best quality, high output. Digging deep into the roots to 0.7m long, so very long roots, no rubbing scratch. Wash the sand, small to classify own roots. [Lo dark party is divided into 4 categories: old-growth, large, medium, small (10mm diameter founding, just 7mm in diameter, small diameter of 5 mm )] own exposure on time each time to break root fracture is not reached exposing bundle bundles. Doing so when dried roots still soft, flat, no peeling bark and hardens. Many take place or just plain strings into string at the root bulb hung in well-ventilated place, dried and rolled into bundles.

Part medicinal use:

Roots.

Description pharmaceuticals:

1. Western Party ginseng: Dry, much sugar, head and tail are round, yellow or gray, gray meat yellow, textured round radioactive form, diameter 13mm and above are not termites, no hooks, no and rootlets.

2. East dark party: Dry, relatively little sugar, little round head and tail wrinkled, yellow-gray bark brown or gray, white flesh yellow, textured clear round radioactive form, there is no way of 10mm or more more oil, not insects, not degraded.

3. Route dark party: Dry, soft sugar long roots, bark yellow or yellow-gray, brown or yellow flesh yellow, 10mm diameter no more oil, not insects, not degraded.

4. The dark party: Dry, with sugar, circular cylinder, dry shell yellow, white or yellow flesh white, diameter 12 mm or more, no more oil, no termites and metamorphosed.

5. Sparkling White Party: Dry, relatively stiff, less sugar, no uniform shape roots, bark gray yellow or white gold, crude fat, diameter 10 mm or more, not insects.

How common roots cylindrical, sometimes branching, 0,5-2cm diameter, yellow naunhat outside, above the horizontal incision along. First to 1cm in diameter, dry, profit, ivory flesh, sweet taste, not insects as well.

Dosage:

+ In China: Harvesting is done, can sound exposure, roll the meat will stick to the shell, when used, so the loess soil or with yellowish drug bran or bran land just finished quit taking ginseng Party (China Pharmaceutical University From Sweden).

+ In Vietnam: Clean the dust, water incubated overnight, or items that are found to evaporate, while soft, thin cells 1-2 cup, soaked in water and ginger to remove solder from Guinea Pi, how often have people over to Using (East Pharmaceutical Dosage Method).

STORAGE:

Closed, away from moisture, need to place well ventilated, dry place to prevent mold deeply vulnerable because ginseng Party weevil. It can be a bit drying brimstone.

Chemical composition:

+ In ginseng roots Party: Sucrose, Glucose, Inulin, alkaloids, Scutellarein Glucoside (Central Pharmacy).

+ Furctose, Inulin (Dinh Quoc Thai, Chinese Thaoe Medicine 1982, 13 (10): 442).

+ CP1, CP2, CP3, CP4 (Hsu Cancer, Chinese Herbal 1987, 18 (3): 98).

+ Glucose, galactose, arabinose, mannose, xylose, rhamnose, Syringin, N-hexyl BD-glucopyranoside, Ethyl Ad-Fructofuranoide (Zhengtao Wan et al, Journal of Biology and Pharmacy HCJ [Japan] 1988, 42 (4): 339 ).

Tangshenoside + I (South Que Nhu, China Pharmaceutical Journal 1990, 15 (2): 105).

+ Choline (Guo Evil Event, Beijing Chinese Medicine Institute of Education Report 1988, 11 (4): 43)

Pharmacological effects:

+ Effects boost: Test show Party ginseng has anti-fatigue and increase the adaptation of animals in high temperature environments. Experimentation on animals demonstrated that the party ginseng is effective on 2 sides of excitement and inhibition of the cerebral cortex. The experiment showed that crude extracts of ginseng Party works to increase the adaptation of mice in hypoxic state (due to lack of oxygen at the cellular organization, due to circulatory failure or due to increased consumption oxygen ...) drugs are effective to varying degrees (Central Pharmacy).

+ For the digestive system: translation of ginseng increases the tone Party of the Netherlands rat ileum isolated or start the fall, followed by the intensity of contractions greater than the frequency of the slowness and time stretching . Drug concentrations increase, the tone is increased. Translation Party ginseng clearly antagonistic effect of 5-HT to the substance causing intestinal contractions but for Ach cause intestinal contractions are not working. Party ginseng apparent protective effect against 4 types of models cause stomach ulcers in animals [Ulcerative irritation, inflammation, ulceration due Acetic Acid, pyloric ligation ulcer] (Central Pharmacy).

+ For the cardiovascular system: High Party liquid extracts of ginseng and alcohol intravenous anesthesia dogs and rabbits antihypertensive effect in a short time. Extracts intravenous dose of 2 g / kg for cats anesthetic effect enhances contractility of the heart, increasing blood flow to the brain, legs and internal organs. Sparkling Party infusion with 1: 1 20-25ml for rabbit stunned by the loss of blood pressure raising effect, lowering the center of pressure, slowed heart rate, compared with the reference group used Ginseng, Licorice, found that the effect of raising pressure higher Sparkling Party. According to the 'Continue to the blood pressure effects of ginseng Party' (Central Pharmaceutical Research Document, page 536, 1965), the antihypertensive effect of ginseng Party on experimental animals is due to peripheral vasodilation Adrenalin and the inhibitory effect of the drug triggers (China Pharmaceutical Clinical Applications).

+ For the blood and blood-forming system:

* Water, alcohol and herbal decoction Party has the effect of increasing the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin, reducing the number of leukocytes including neutrophils increased amount remaining lymph cells decreased. Sparkling Party injection increased clotting effects without hemolysis (Central Pharmacy).

* Inject vascular Party ginseng 20% solution (4 mL / 1 kg body weight) or drink (20g per day) have found increased erythrocyte, leukocyte reduced (China Pharmaceutical Clinical Applications).

* According to "China Pharmaceutical Research Act '(Scientific Publishing House 1965), the blood tonic effect of ginseng Party Party as a result of the quality of ginseng with the community that the potency of the first component in the spleen ( Central Applied Clinical Pharmacology).

+ For blood sugar: 1934 Business and Thach Nguyen Cao sorry you have used ginseng soaked with alcohol 70o Party in 1 month. Alcoholic extract, remaining residue with water colors: Champagne Party 1kg 260g to 200g of alcohol and high water. Using the two types of institutions on a 20% solution, 1 part after autoclaving is injected, one component for fermentation to all types of carbohydrates (sugars) before injection, while the use of ginseng Party manufacture of medicines given. Results:

* Inject Party ginseng found in normal rabbit blood sugar to rise. The author argues that the reason the party ginseng increases blood sugar levels due to hydrate Carbon components in ginseng Party for injection or to drink Champagne Party has to ferment for all kinds of sugar, the amount of blood sugar does not make increased.

Party ginseng injection unfermented and fermented have not seen the phenomenon of inhibition increased blood sugar by subcutaneous injection Diuretin 10% solution (4 mL / kg body). Based on the opinion of Richter, Rose, Nishi and Pollak said Diuretin cause high blood sugar is so sympathetic to Beijing Party ginseng bug you that is not inhibited by high blood sugar or nerve (Drugs And The Tree The drug Vietnam).

+ For Blood Pressure Injection vascular Party ginseng 20% solution (by extraction with water and wine) for rabbits and dogs were anesthetized hypotension. The author has injected a solution of 4.8% Glucosa and controlled hypotension was not, so the authors report that the hypotension is not related to an ingredient in herbal party. The authors report that the hypotension is due to peripheral vasodilation. Party also has the effect of ginseng inhibits hypertension caused by Adrenalin: adrenalin injection volume is high if the poor inhibition, if low amounts of adrenaline injection the stronger inhibition (But The Drugs and Medicinal Plants Vietnam).

+ Increases the body's immune MIGHT: Party ginseng preparations using abdominal injection, intramuscular or intravenous administration in mice are effective in increasing the number of macrophages markedly increased cell volume than pseudo-sufficient, able phagocytic capacity also increased. The components of cells, such as DNA, RNA, the enzyme, acid increased significantly. High concentrations of ginseng Party has the effect of inhibiting the caveats of lymph cells in humans, even low concentrations increase the effects of schizophrenia (Central Pharmacy).

+ Effects on the central nervous system: the mice at a dose of ginseng Party 6-7mcg / kg shown to inhibit. This effect involves decreased sleep time decreased sleep especially of drugs barbituric (Hebral Chinese Medicine).

+ Anti-inflammatory, cultural talks, only the expression (cough suppressant) (China Pharmaceutical Clinical Applications).

+ Antibacterial: On the empirical 'In Vitro' Party ginseng shows antibacterial effects at different levels for the following types of bacteria: Streptococcus brain tissue, diphtheria bacillus, bacillus and vice colon bacillus , Methicillin, TB bacilli in the (Central Pharmacy).

+ In addition, the party also has the effect of ginseng excited isolated uterus of rats, developing endometrial progesterone mild type, tone, causing the cervix, lactation in breast feeding animals , plasma corticosterone enhance, improve blood sugar (China Pharmaceutical Clinical Applications).

Calculate your:

. Sweetness, calculated average (Japan Economic Phung Nguyen).

. Sweetness, calculated average, non-toxic (Draft Re-Tan).

. Sweetness, calculated average (China Pharmaceutical University Dictionaries).

Business Rules:

+ Respect and sufficient negative attitude [Waste and Pi] (Dac Coordinating Draft).

+ In doing Pi, Discarded (China Pharmaceutical University Dictionaries).

+ In doing Pi, Discarded (East Pharmacy Essential). \

References:

. "Party ginseng may have additional gas can be added to blood, that specializes in diseases of the spleen disease, for evidence of blood are damaged, should be used to it. It can also be used in case of failure has recently made, such as depression associated psychic, you can use it with your antidote expression, body weakness that real justice can also share it with drinking moderate lowering drugs, are used in the case of taking the main purpose of supporting air to reach the evil gas. The complement this effort but not with ginseng, but in all dietary supplements are widely used it "(Central Pharmacy Teaching means).

. "It can be used as Ginseng Ginseng Party, to replace the lack of ginseng, ginseng or ginseng Party but still used in the case of damaged spleen, eat less, fatigue, faulty or damaged due to disturb soft anemia, jaundice , leg cramps, urine is cloudy. Widely used alone or in combination with other herbs in the article: Tu Tu Tang Quan, The Complete University brakes, Bat The Complete Imperial Place ... "(Central Pharmacy).

. "Party Ginseng Ginseng can be replaced. All that medicine has traditionally used ginseng, any application can also be replaced with ginseng Party. There are several types of ginseng Party, user type and Radio West Highway dark party is the best dark party. Choice outer packaging with horizontal ridges small, soft white flesh profits, smaller head body, aroma, sweetness close to ginseng, Pi conditions without apples and add to whom not less, unlike Goryeo ginseng inclined diamond apple. Only regret is somewhat frail health medicine, not last. If damaged severely endangered, then use ginseng. Ginseng, Goryeo ginseng, ginseng Indochina, more expensive Atlantic ginseng, ginseng Party cheaper but uses almost the same "(East Pharmacy Essential).

. "Any Party Ginseng and Royal are air tonic. But Sam added Party, the weak force, as sweetness, peace, not review nor apples, additional gas-cum-utility center, blood sugar, blood discharge and negative damage to the party must use ginseng "(Central Clinical Pharmacy Manager Tools Only Maze).

"Party ginseng and ginseng are essential to complement gas pharmacist. Party Champagne bottle sweet, very peaceful drugs, natural supplements trungkhi cum on waste gas utility, new birth, blood sugar. Ginseng sweet, slightly bitter, warm taste, is very complementary herbs, or supplements for five organs, additional natural gas college, trying to escape, for vessels, sedative, even useful, new students, in terms of blood sugar than Champagne Party the more "(Central Clinical Pharmacy Manager Tools Only Me).

Distinction:

Around the world, spending Codonopsis 44 species distributed mainly from the Himalayas to Japan. Asia has about 11 species, China has 6-7 species, three species in Indochina, including Vietnam 2 species are described and used as a herbal medicine with the party name.

In China there are many species of ginseng Party, and many species have not dared to name, current assessment is only one species:

1. Sparkling climbing Party (Codonopsis sp.) Also known as Ray implant, implant Man, this tree has not been described in générale de l'Indochine Flore, which is perennial plant workshop, creeping or climbing itself. Cylindrical root length, diameter can reach 1-1,7cm. Leaves opposite or sometimes grow a little way round. Heart shaped leaf blade ovate or broad, heart-shaped leaves original raw or slightly wavy edge or serrated, on the pale green, pale white underside. Flowers solitary in leaf axils grow. Station 5, Corolla pale yellow bell-shaped, divided 5-lobed, delicate 5. Election of five cells, capsule, the top has a small knob cone, purple red when ripe. Flowering in July August 7, with results on May 10. September Grows wild in the humid forest zone mountainous northeast and northwest of the country, in Lang Son, Cao Bang and northwest and one receiver picking on sale with rooms named dark party.

2. Sparkling Party, Kim pre press, Turkish dark party (Campanumoea javanica Blume), also known as tree chicken leg, Man Ray fiddler (Tay), Cang coral (Cat); plants that are perennial vines. Root cylindrical, branching, sometimes also form the leaves grow on, at the heart grow staggered formation, smooth or hairy little head pointed leaves, leaf edge material or small indentations, click on the leaf sap pus. Leaf blade length 3-8cm, 2-4cm wide. Flowers grow in axillary separately, bell-shaped white or slightly yellow, purple veined throat. Station 5, colon 5 Wing, II 5. Capsule, purple, containing many seeds oval, yellow ball. Grows wild in the high mountains, cool damp areas, humus. There are many in Cao Bang, Lang Son, Hoang Lien Son, Son La, Lai Chau. In mountainous ethnic Champagne Party was intercropped with maize, with good results.

3. Trans-dark party (Codonopsis tangshen Oliv) on basic living species C.pilosula (Franch) Nannf but leaves ovate or ovate pointed tail, face hairless leaves, new leaves only at the edge fluffy. After the flowers are purple with white-tailed fruit, petiole long, flat, larger type on, in place of the mountain rainy autumn ripe fruit does not crack. There are many in Sichuan province, China.

4. Sparkling Flower Green Party (Codonopsis viridiflora M.xim), in the body is hairy spines short, it's time to shed a founding. Leaves opposite or alternate leaf. 2-3cm long, the two sides have short hair spikes, not serrated leaf material, relatively short petioles, Flowers grow on the top menu, corolla bell-shaped, blue gold 1cm long, in short wrinkles. It is found in A-pa autonomous region of Sichuan province.

5. Party ginseng flower tube (Codonopsis tubulosa Kom) plant vines draft cattle. Hairy leaves are long, narrow leaves long oval, 3-8cm, tail toothed leaves. Petals deep, long half pipe flowers, corolla tube length of 3 cm, distributed in the western Sichuan province mist.

6. Sparkling Party snapdragon (Codonopsis Nannf nervosa), under trees draft, body upright, lived for many years. Crashed down roots in the wood core with half the volume of roots, height 20 cm, the tiny hairs thick rough. Leaves opposite, ovate long 1-1,5cm, raw edges, sides have hair, bell-shaped corolla length of 1.5 cm, light blue, dark purple in antiquity. Available in ethnic Tibetan Autonomous Region A-pa and specialized Dew West Sichuan Province.

7. Also in the northeast there are other species of Codonopsis lanceolata Benth. et Hook. (See: apparently) have roots shaped panicles, Codonopsis species ussuriensis Hemsl, rounded bulbous roots, often mixed with Champagne Party to sell.

8. The dried root ginseng plants Party akin dried root of the tree custom paragraph (Dipsacus japonnicus Miq) Dipsacaeac they need to combat discrimination confusion (noun agree)